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Benoît Xvi


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Benoît XVI est le sucesseur de Jean-Paul II

mardi 19 avril 2005, 19h17

Mgr Ratzinger élu pape, règnera sous le nom de Benoît XVI

JOSEPH RATZINGER ÉLU PAPE

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CITE DU VATICAN (Reuters) - Le cardinal allemand Joseph Ratzinger, 78 ans, a été élu pape de l'Eglise catholique et règnera sous le nom de Benoît XVI.

Le 265e pape de l'Eglise catholique est apparu au balcon de la basilique Saint-Pierre de Rome où des dizaines de milliers de fidèles s'étaient massés.

LE CARDINAL RATZINGER EST ÉLU PAPE

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"Je m'en remets à vos prières", a-t-il dit avant de prononcer sa première déclaration urbi et orbi.

Ce Bavarois né le 16 avril 1927 fut parmi les plus proches conseillers de Jean Paul II à la tête de la Congrégation pour la doctrine de la foi. Il fait figure de conservateur au sein de l'Eglise catholique.

Benoît XVI est aussi le pape le plus âgé à sa prise de fonction depuis Clément XII, en 1730, qui avait le même âge, et le premier pape allemand depuis Victor II (1055-57).

"DICTATURE DU RELATIVISME"

Dernier prélat à prendre la parole en public avant l'ouverture du conclave, lundi matin lors de la messe pour "l'élection du pontife romain", celui qui n'était encore que Mgr Ratzinger avait prononcé un vigoureux plaidoyer en faveur d'un pape défenseur des valeurs traditionnelles de l'Eglise.

Dénonçant la "dictature du relativisme", il avait souligné lors de son homélie qu'"une foi adulte n'est pas une foi qui suit le mouvement des tendances ou les dernières nouveautés".

Et il n'avait évoqué aucun des thèmes présentés par d'autres "princes de l'Eglise" comme les grands défis que devra relever le successeur de Jean Paul II: la morale sexuelle, les relations avec l'islam, les rapports à la science ou la réforme de l'Eglise.

CONCLAVE EXPRESS

Il a fallu vingt-quatre heures à peine aux 115 cardinaux, entrés en conclave lundi après-midi dans la chapelle Sixtine, pour élire le successeur de Jean Paul II, mort le 2 avril dernier après un pontificat de 26 ans, le troisième plus long de l'histoire.

Aucun des huit conclaves du XXe siècle n'avait duré plus de cinq jours, mais deux seulement avaient pris fin dès le second, comme cela a été le cas cette fois. Il avait fallu huit tours de scrutin, échelonnés sur trois jours, pour choisir le Polonais Karol Wojtyla en octobre 1978.

Mardi peu avant 18h00 (16h00 GMT), une fumée blanche s'est élevée au-dessus de la chapelle Sixtine, suivie, une dizaine de minutes plus tard, par les sonneries de la cloche de la basilique Saint-Pierre.

Mais les milliers de pèlerins massés place Saint-Pierre ont hésité à l'apparition des premières volutes de fumée, tirant vers le blanc, sans que la sonnerie de la cloche de Saint-Pierre ne vienne confirmer l'issue du conclave.

Certains ont applaudi, d'autres semblaient retenir leur joie, que tous ont laissé éclaté lorsque la cloche s'est mise à sonner.

"Je savais qu'elle était blanche, nous avons un nouveau pape", exultait alors Silvia Cirello, une adolescente de 19 ans juchée sur une chaise en plastique. Un peu plus loin, un groupe de nonnes et de prêtres reprenaient en choeur "papa ! papa ! papa!".

En décidant de procéder à un premier vote dès lundi soir, moins de trois heures après s'être reclus à l'intérieur de la chapelle Sixtine, les "princes de l'Eglise" avaient certes signifié leur volonté d'entrer rapidement dans le vif du sujet. Mais peu de vaticanologues s'attendaient à une issue aussi rapide.

"Je suis positivement surpris", a déclaré le père Pasquale Borgomeo, directeur de Radio Vatican. "L'Eglise n'est plus orpheline."

GARDIEN DE L'ORTHODOXIE

Le successeur de Jean Paul II prend la tête d'une Eglise d'un milliard de fidèles à travers le monde divisée et partagée par des courants contraires. Il succède aussi à l'un des personnages les plus médiatiques de l'histoire contemporaine dont l'héritage dépasse la seule Eglise catholique.

Joseph Ratzinger s'était d'abord fait remarquer lors du Conseil du Vatican II (1962-1965), au cours duquel il était apparu comme un théologien plutôt libéral. Mais l'agitation sociale de 1968 à travers l'Europe l'a poussé à évoluer vers des thèses plus conservatrices pour défendre les valeurs catholiques face à un vent de contestation généralisé.

Après avoir été archevêque de Munich, Joseph Ratzinger a pris les rênes de la Congrégation pour la doctrine de la foi en 1981.

A ce poste fondamental de la hiérarchie du Vatican, il s'est employé à lutter contre la théologie de la libération en Amérique latine et dénoncé avec vigueur la libéralisation sexuelle de l'Occident.

En 1986, il fut à l'origine de la ferme condamnation par le Vatican de l'homosexualité et du mariage homosexuel. Plus récemment, en 2004, il s'en était pris au "féminisme radical", qu'il accuse de saper les valeurs familiales et d'atténuer les différences entre hommes et femmes.

En 2000, il s'était attiré les foudres des protestants en réaffirmant dans le document "Dominus Iesus" (Seigneur Jésus) la primauté de Rome, niant aux Protestants la qualité d'Eglise.

Wikipédia ne perd pas de temps..

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Cool, un pape Nazi! En tout cas, ça nous changera des niaiseries auquelles JPII nous avais habitué!

Washington Post

John Paul II has referred to the German theologian as his "trustworthy friend." They became acquainted four decades ago at the Second Vatican Council, which laid out church reforms under Pope John XXIII. Ratzinger has headed the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (*) since 1981, three years after John Paul II became pope. The congregation is the historical successor to the Sacred Congregation of the Universal Inquisition, one of the oldest departments in the Vatican. Sometimes, it is known as the Holy Office. John Paul II has said its functions are "to promote and safeguard the doctrine of the faith and morals throughout the Catholic world."

Observers said Ratzinger's views have been heavily influenced by the harrowing experience of two contending ideologies: fascism, which he experienced as a youth in Germany, and the Marxism rife in German universities during the 1960s.

"Having seen fascism in action, Ratzinger today believes that the best antidote to political totalitarianism is ecclesial totalitarianism. In other words, he believes the Catholic Church serves the cause of human freedom by restricting freedom in its internal life, thereby remaining clear about what it teaches and believes," wrote John Allen, a journalist and biographer of Ratzinger.

In his early years in office, Ratzinger moved to stamp out vestiges of liberation theology, a current of Catholic thought born in the 1960s that emphasized grass-roots organization to free people from poverty. Its association with Marxist groups and revolutionary movements appalled both John Paul II and Ratzinger.

After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the pope's attention increasingly turned to issues of morality, especially regarding materialism in the developed world. In 2001, musing on an anything-goes world, he lamented that "the concept of authority no longer exists."

Je suggère que Msg Ratzinger, se retire du Vatican et aille vivre avec les Capucins!

The Guardian

The Vatican instructed Catholic bishops around the world to cover up cases of sexual abuse or risk being thrown out of the Church.

The Observer has obtained a 40-year-old confidential document from the secret Vatican archive which lawyers are calling a 'blueprint for deception and concealment'. One British lawyer acting for Church child abuse victims has described it as 'explosive'.

The 69-page Latin document bearing the seal of Pope John XXIII was sent to every bishop in the world. The instructions outline a policy of 'strictest' secrecy in dealing with allegations of sexual abuse and threatens those who speak out with excommunication.

They also call for the victim to take an oath of secrecy at the time of making a complaint to Church officials. It states that the instructions are to 'be diligently stored in the secret archives of the Curia [Vatican] as strictly confidential. Nor is it to be published nor added to with any commentaries.'

The document, which has been confirmed as genuine by the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales, is called 'Crimine solicitationies', which translates as 'instruction on proceeding in cases of solicitation'.

It focuses on sexual abuse initiated as part of the confessional relationship between a priest and a member of his congregation. But the instructions also cover what it calls the 'worst crime', described as an obscene act perpetrated by a cleric with 'youths of either sex or with brute animals (bestiality)'.

Bishops are instructed to pursue these cases 'in the most secretive way… restrained by a perpetual silence… and everyone… is to observe the strictest secret which is commonly regarded as a secret of the Holy Office… under the penalty of excommunication'.

Texan lawyer Daniel Shea uncovered the document as part of his work for victims of abuse from Catholic priests in the US. He has handed it over to US authorities, urging them to launch a federal investigation into the clergy's alleged cover-up of sexual abuse.

He said: 'These instructions went out to every bishop around the globe and would certainly have applied in Britain. It proves there was an international conspiracy by the Church to hush up sexual abuse issues. It is a devious attempt to conceal criminal conduct and is a blueprint for deception and concealment.'

British lawyer Richard Scorer, who acts for children abused by Catholic priests in the UK, echoes this view and has described the document as 'explosive'.

He said: 'We always suspected that the Catholic Church systematically covered up abuse and tried to silence victims. This document appears to prove it. Threatening excommunication to anybody who speaks out shows the lengths the most senior figures in the Vatican were prepared to go to prevent the information getting out to the public domain.'

Scorer pointed out that as the documents dates back to 1962 it rides roughshod over the Catholic Church's claim that the issue of sexual abuse was a modern phenomenon.

He claims the discovery of the document will raise fresh questions about the actions of Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O'Connor, the head of the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales.

Murphy-O'Connor has been accused of covering up allegations of child abuse when he was Bishop of Arundel and Brighton. Instead of reporting to the police allegations of abuse against Michael Hill, a priest in his charge, he moved him to another position where he was later convicted for abusing nine children.

Although Murphy-O'Connor has apologised publicly for his mistake, Scorer claims the secret Vatican document raises the question about whether his failure to report Hill was due to him following this instruction from Rome.

Scorer, who acts for some of Hill's victims, said: 'I want to know whether Murphy-O'Connor knew of these Vatican instructions and, if so, did he apply it. If not, can he tell us why not?'

A spokesman for the Catholic Church denied that the secret Vatican orders were part of any organised cover-up and claims lawyers are taking the document 'out of context' and 'distorting it'.

He said: 'This document is about the Church's internal disciplinary procedures should a priest be accused of using confession to solicit sex. It does not forbid victims to report civil crimes. The confidentiality talked about is aimed to protect the accused as applies in court procedures today. It also takes into consideration the special nature of the secrecy involved in the act of confession. :icon_up: ' He also said that in 1983 the Catholic Church in England and Wales introduced its own code dealing with sexual abuse, which would have superseded the 1962 instructions. Asked whether Murphy-O'Connor was aware of the Vatican edict, he replied: 'He's never mentioned it to me.'

Lawyers point to a letter the Vatican sent to bishops in May 2001 clearly stating the 1962 instruction was in force until then. The letter is signed by Cardinal Ratzinger, the most powerful man in Rome beside the Pope and who heads the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith - the office which ran the Inquisition in the Middle Ages.

Rev Thomas Doyle, a US Air Force chaplain in Germany and a specialist in Church law, has studied the document. He told The Observer: 'It is certainly an indication of the pathological obsession with secrecy in the Catholic Church, but in itself it is not a smoking gun.

'If, however, this document actually has been the foundation of a continuous policy to cover clergy crimes at all costs, then we have quite another issue. There are too many authenticated reports of victims having been seriously intimidated into silence by Church authorities to assert that such intimidation is the exception and not the norm.

'If this document has been used as a justification for this intimidation then we possibly have what some commentators have alleged, namely, a blueprint for a cover-up. This is obviously a big "if" which requires concrete proof.'

* Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith:

Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith

[Categories: Catholic Theology and Doctrine, Roman Catholic Church Institutions]

The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) is the oldest of the nine Quick Facts about: congregation

A group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given churchcongregations of the Quick Facts about: Roman Curia

Quick Summary not found for this subjectRoman Curia. Among the most active of the major Curial institutions, it oversees the Quick Facts about: Roman Catholic Church

The Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over by a pope and an episcopal hierarchyRoman Catholic Church Quick Facts about: doctrine

A belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or schooldoctrine. It was historically related to the Quick Facts about: Inquisition

A former tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church (1232-1820) created to discover and suppress heresyInquisition.

RoleAccording to Article 48 of the Apostolic Constitution on the Roman Curia, Pastor Bonus, promulgated by Quick Facts about: Pope John Paul II

Quick Summary not found for this subjectPope John Paul II on June 28, 1988: "the duty proper to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is to promote and safeguard the doctrine on the faith and morals throughout the Catholic world: for this reason everything which in any way touches such matter falls within its competence."

HistoryOn July 21, 1542 Quick Facts about: Pope Paul III

Quick Summary not found for this subjectPope Paul III, with the Constitution Licet ab initio, established the Sacred Congregation of the Universal Quick Facts about: Inquisition

A former tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church (1232-1820) created to discover and suppress heresyInquisition, staffed with Quick Facts about: cardinal

(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popescardinals and other officials whose task it was "to maintain and defend the integrity of the Quick Facts about: faith

Loyalty or allegiance to a cause or a personfaith and to examine and proscribe errors and false doctrines".

This body was renamed Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office in 1908 by Quick Facts about: Pope Pius X

Quick Summary not found for this subjectPope Pius X. It was changed again to its present name on December 7, 1965, at the end of the Quick Facts about: Second Vatican Council

Quick Summary not found for this subjectSecond Vatican Council. It has become the supervisory body of local Quick Facts about: Roman Inquisition

Quick Summary not found for this subjectRoman Inquisitions.

Ben en tout cas, ça va pas être triste…

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Bah, comme je l'ai dit ailleurs, rien que pour le nombre incroyable de personnes bien pensantes que ça énnerve, je suis super content que ce soit Ratzinger l'heureux élu. Je sens qu'il va dignement reprendre le rôle de détecteur de cons assumé avant lui par JPII.

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Je sens qu'il va dignement reprendre le rôle de détecteur de cons assumé avant lui par JPII.

Ce qui est bien, c'est qu'il a déjà fait savoir qui étaient les cons: marxistes, libéraux, libertins, collectivistes, individualistes, athées, mystiques, agnostique ou adepte du syncrétisme. Miam… Il reste quoi? Ah oui, les catholiques qui ont "une autre mesure: le fils de Dieu, l'homme véritable, (…) mesure du véritable humanisme". Bon, pas de mention des juifs et des musulmans, c'est déjà ça: ils ne font au moins pas partie des ennemis.

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Je n'ai jamais rien lu d'antilibéral sous la plume de Ratzinger: je suspecte les médias d'interpréter à leur manière un truc ou l'autre où il a parlé de justice sociale pour pouvoir dire, "vous voyez, même un affreux comme Ratzinger trouve que le libéralisme c'est dégueu."

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"Combien de vents de doctrine avons nous connus ces dernières décennies, combien de courants idéologiques, combien de modes de pensée. La petite barque de la pensée de nombreux chrétiens a été souvent agitée par ces vagues, jetée d'un extrême à l'autre: du marxisme au libéralisme, jusqu'au 'libertinage', du collectivisme à l'individualisme radical, de l'athéisme à un vague mysticisme religieux, de l'agnosticisme au syncrétisme, et ainsi de suite", tandis que "chaque jour, de nouvelle sectes naissent. Nous, en revanche, avons une autre mesure: le fils de Dieu, l'homme véritable. C'est lui la mesure du véritable humanisme."
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Je n'ai jamais rien lu d'antilibéral sous la plume de Ratzinger: je suspecte les médias d'interpréter à leur manière un truc ou l'autre où il a parlé de justice sociale pour pouvoir dire, "vous voyez, même un affreux comme Ratzinger trouve que le libéralisme c'est dégueu."

Ce matin à la radio bolchévique belge francolâtre, le journaleux de service en a d'ailleurs remis une couche, disant que Mgr Ratzinger s'était à plusieurs reprises élevé contre les excès du capitalisme et même de l'hypercapitalisme (sic !).

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"Combien de vents de doctrine avons nous connus ces dernières décennies, combien de courants idéologiques, combien de modes de pensée. La petite barque de la pensée de nombreux chrétiens a été souvent agitée par ces vagues, jetée d'un extrême à l'autre: du marxisme au libéralisme, jusqu'au 'libertinage', du collectivisme à l'individualisme radical, de l'athéisme à un vague mysticisme religieux, de l'agnosticisme au syncrétisme, et ainsi de suite", tandis que "chaque jour, de nouvelle sectes naissent. Nous, en revanche, avons une autre mesure: le fils de Dieu, l'homme véritable. C'est lui la mesure du véritable humanisme."

Correction; je n'ai jamais rien lu de spécifiquement anti-libéral. D'après Gadrel, il a en tout cas indiqué dans une interview qu'il était en faveur de l'économie de marché.

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Ce matin à la radio bolchévique belge francolâtre, le journaleux de service en a d'ailleurs remis une couche, disant que Mgr Ratzinger s'était à plusieurs reprises élevé contre les excès du capitalisme et même de l'hypercapitalisme (sic !).

Mon Dieu, cela veut dire qu'il vaut mieux que j'evite de regarder la presse française pour le restant de la semaine.

Parce que anticléricalisme débile plus antilibéralisme à la con, ça commence à faire trop. :icon_up::doigt:

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Oui, j'ai vu hier soir une interview de lui (menée en février 2005) sur la RAI Uno (émission Porta a Porta), où il expliquait qu'il n'y avait pas d' "exploitation" capitaliste et que le capitalisme n'était pas en contradiction avec le catholicisme. D'après ce que Melodius m'en a dit, c'est également un fin connaisseur des droits naturels.

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Je me permets de poster ici cet article du blog du von Mises Institute

http://blog.mises.org/blog/archives/003493.asp

Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI) on the state

Jeffrey Tucker

From Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, Church, Ecumenism and Politics (New York: Crossroad, 1988) pp. 147-151.

The state is not the whole of human existence and does not embrace the whole of human hope. Men and women and their hopes extend beyond the thing that is the state and beyond the sphere of political activity. This does not only apply to a state that is Babylon but to any and every state. The state is not the totality: that takes the load off the politician's shoulders and at the same time opens up for him or her the path of rational politics. The Roman state was false and anti-Christian precisely because it wanted to be the totality of human capacity. In that way it claimed what it could not achieve; and in that way it distorted and diminished men and women. Through the totalitarian lie it became demonic and tyrannical. Getting rid of the totality of the state has demythologized the state and thereby liberated men and women as well as politicians and politics.

But when Christian faith, faith in man’s greater hope, decays and falls away, then the myth of the divine state rises up once again, because men and women cannot renounce the totality of hope. Even when such promises dress themselves up as progress and monopolize the concept of progress and of progressiveness, nevertheless considered historically they are a going back behind the Christian thing that is new, a turning back on the scale of history. And even when they proclaim as their goal the complete liberation of mankind and the elimination of all domination, they stand in contradiction to the truth of man and in contradiction to his or her freedom, because they force people into what they can achieve themselves. This kind of politics that declares the kingdom of God to be the result politics and distorts faith into universal primacy of the political is by its nature the politics of enslavement; it is mythological politics.

To this, faith opposes the standard of Christian reason, which recognizes what man is really capable of creating as the order of freedom and can be content with this because it knows that man’s greater expectation lies hidden in God’s hands. Rejecting the hope of faith is at the same time rejecting the standard of political reason. To renounce the mythical hopes of a society free of domination is not resignation but honesty that maintains men and women in hope. The mythical hope of a do-it-yourself paradise can only drive people into fear from which there is no escape; fear of the collapse of their promises and of the greater void lurks behind it; fear of their own power and its cruelty.

So the first service that Christian fait performs for politics is that it liberates men and women from the irrationality of the political myths that are the real threat of our time.

It is of course always difficult to adopt the sober approach that does what is possible and does not cry enthusiastically after the impossible; the voice of reason is not as loud as the cry of unreason. The cry for the large-scale has the whiff of morality; in contrast limiting oneself to what is possible seems to be renouncing the passion of morality and adopting the pragmatism of the faint-hearted. But in truth political morality consists precisely of resisting the seductive temptation of the big words by which humanity and its opportunities are gambled away. It is not the adventurous moralism that wants itself to do God’s work that is moral, but the honesty that accepts the standards of man and in them does the work of man. It is not refusal to compromise but compromise that in political things is the true morality.

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